Semantic Variety of “Azm” according to the ‎Translators and Commentators of the Holy Quran, ‎and Evaluation of its Semantic Types

The root” Azm” bears a key concept in the history of Islamic culture the usages of which in nine verses of the holy Quran have influenced different fields including doctrines, ethics, practical regulations and political thought. It is worth noting that a clear discrepancy is seen in explanation of this root in the translations and commentaries of the holy Quran. This discrepancy originates to some extent from being far from the language of the age of revelation, and the mixture of languages and dialects, and to some extent also from the creativity of translators and commentators in terms of their conceptions free from lexicological standards.
The main question in the present article is: How has the root “Azm” been conceived in the old Persian translations and commentaries of the holy Quran in its nine different usages? What kinds of convergence and divergence are found in these conceptions, and what typology can be derived of them? The methodology of the article is the comparative study of the texts and their content analysis based on the grounded theory. Thus the data acquired after comparison and analysis, following acquisition of convergences and divergences, would pave the way for a critical typology. To proceed with the issue, the author has also used indirectly the method of typology of construction of meaning in the field of historical linguistics.